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Amaranth seedlings6/17/2023 Applications to taller Palmer amaranth do not provide consistent control. Postemergence applications need to be applied to Palmer amaranth at 3-4 inches in height. Palmer amaranth control for summer grain crops requires both a preemergence and postemergence herbicide application. Most residual herbicides will provide three to five weeks of residual control depending on herbicide, soil type, rainfall, and soil temperatures. Preemergence or residual (or soil-applied) herbicides should be applied close to crop planting to provide the maximum amount of residual control after planting. Plant into a weed-free field using an effective non-selective herbicide prior to planting or using tillage just prior to planting. The prolonged germination period coupled with rapid growth rate requires a greater level of management to ensure herbicides are applied at the correct time. Other traits that make Palmer amaranth fiercely competitive include copious seed production, season-long emergence, and ability to develop resistance to herbicides.Ĭhemical weed control requires use of multiple effective modes of action, full-labeled rates, and application at the correct timing. Furthermore, plants often develop a long lateral root within a few inches of the soil surface to maximize water uptake under dry conditions. With adequate soil moisture, plants can grow over one inch per day during summer months. In fact, 95 to 114 ☏ is considered the optimum temperature range for photosynthesis. Competitiveness is due to its rapid growth during the seedling stage and its ability to continue growing at temperatures well over 95 ☏. Comparing yield loss in soybeans from different pigweed species, Palmer amaranth was more competitive than waterhemp or redroot pigweed. Palmer amaranth is very competitive and capable of causing dramatic yield losses. Mature Palmer amaranth plants can grow to over five feet tall with very thick stems, often 2 to 3 inches in diameter. It is native to the Sonora Desert and is well adapted for growth under hot, dry conditions. Palmer amaranth is a summer annual broadleaf weed from the Amaranthaceae (pigweed) family.
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